17 August, 2025

PMLA 7/8 - Terrorism

Teeja tera rang tha main to...

Chak De! India

How does terrorism start? Does it start with a bomb? Or a gun? Or words scribbled in rage?

Terrorism starts in a courtroom where justice doesn’t show up.

Terrorism starts in a prison cell where an innocent man waits for a trial that never comes.

Terrorism starts in a country where the law, once a shield, is used as a weapon.

This isn’t hyperbole. This is happening. Right here, right now – under the banner of a law called the Prevention of Money Laundering Act (PMLA). A law designed, we were told, to go after drug traffickers, mobsters, terror financiers. And yet, here it is – chasing journalists, raiding opposition leaders, freezing businesses, and most importantly, imprisoning people without bail or trial.

The law was meant to stop terror. But ask anyone who’s lived through it – they’ll tell you: this law is becoming the terror.

 

Tools of violence

Let’s talk about Section 45 of the PMLA – the infamous twin conditions for bail. The first condition? The court must be satisfied that the accused is not guilty. The second? That the accused won’t commit any crime if released. Now, unless you’ve been living in a Kafka novel, you’ll realize what this means: you're presumed guilty. You have to prove your innocence. Before trial. Before charges. Before a single shred of evidence has been examined.

The Supreme Court struck it down. Called it unconstitutional. So the government brought it back – through a Money Bill, because why let debate get in the way of extortion?

And what about the ECIR – the Enforcement Case Information Report? The PMLA’s version of an FIR? You don’t get a copy. The courts don’t insist. You're supposed to defend yourself against a case you’re not even allowed to know of. That’s not a flaw in the system. That IS the system.

 

Process as Punishment

Make no mistake – this is not justice. This is procedure as punishment. This is arrest first, investigate later. This is detain, destroy, delay – and hope that no one notices.

·        Medical examination after arrest? A rubber stamp.

·        Time-bound trials? A broken promise.

·        Bail? Not a right, but a luxury.

·        Constitutional rights? Only if the state feels generous.

And when judges raise their eyebrows – when they pull up the ED for overreach – nothing changes. The Supreme Court passes landmark judgments like Satender Kumar Antil on bail. The ED ignores it. High Courts ask questions. The ED doesn’t show up. Or worse – they double down on the accused. Because power unchecked doesn’t retreat. It expands.

 

How the Republic Fails

You want to know how does terrorism start? It starts when democratic institutions stop working. It starts when justice is replaced with convenience, and accountability with PR. When you punish whistleblowers, silence journalists, and call every critic a criminal.

Terrorism starts not with radical ideas, but with radical despair. It begins with a businessman watching his life's work collapse because someone on the other side of the country misfiled a document in 2010. It begins with a family whose home is seized because a relative once did business with the wrong person. It begins when an honest man is told to prove he is innocent – while the law ties a blindfold around his eyes and throws the key away.

Terrorism starts when citizens stop believing the state is on their side. When they start seeing themselves not as constituents, but as targets. When the courtroom becomes a joke, the constitution becomes an ornament, and the law becomes a thing to be feared, not respected.

And the tragedy – the real tragedy – is that we’ve been here before.

We saw it with TADA. With POTA. With sedition laws that lingered like ghosts from the colonial past. And every time, we told ourselves: “Never again.”

But this time, we didn’t just allow it. We normalized it. We dressed it up in legalese, wrapped it in national security, and told ourselves this was the price of order.

But lets ask this: what is order if it's built on fear? What is security if it means sacrificing your neighbours’ rights? What is law if it no longer serves the innocent? We are not protecting the republic. We are breaking it – from within. We are not deterring terrorism. We are giving it a user manual.


Lessons from the Neighbour

Winston Churchill and his fellow imperial cynics gloated that an independent India would be lost in political squabbles, its power seized by rascals, rogues and freebooters. Any democracy following a first-past-the-post system of elections inevitably leads to a bi-party system. In a healthy democracy, the two parties live by the same ideals, have the same goals, and disagree on how to best reach them.

India and Pakistan started out as democracies. But in Pakistan, every government – civilian or military – viewed state institutions as spoils to be wielded against rivals. State power was used to stay in power and silence the press. Courts, laws, and intelligence agencies were employed to enforce laws that defeated the concepts of democracy. Civil liberties and fair trial guarantees crumbled. Ultimately, Every swing of power in Rawalpindi was justified as remedying the last government’s crimes, but instead it poisoned democratic norms.

India faced a similar challenge in the 1970s during the emergency.  Indira Gandhi’s government did suspend elections, imprison thousands, muzzle the press and even amend the Constitution to neuter the courts. It was the resilience of the Indian institutional system that it allowed democracy to persist. India’s democratic norms had deepened through the consolidation of civilian rule over the military and decades of vibrant multiparty competition.

India faces the same challenge once more. However, this time we do not have the support of our institutions. Over time, faith in Indian institutions has been on a decline. The election commission faces regular allegations of corruption in the very electoral process that forms the basis of our democracy. The Supreme Court has made a number of observations on the erosion of public faith in the judiciary.  The Freedom of the Press index has been on a steady decline in recent years. The concepts of democracy and constitutionalism are under threat and we don't know if we shall survive this time.


The Final Warning

Because here’s the thing: terrorism doesn’t begin with a gunshot. It begins when a law stops being just. When a government stops listening. When a people stop trusting.

And when that happens – when that trust erodes, when that fear calcifies, when that injustice becomes policy – someone, somewhere, will look at that law, at that jail cell, at that confiscated property, and say: “If the system doesn’t work for us, maybe we stop working for the system.

That, right there – is the ignition point.

So when someone tells you we need to trade liberty for security, quote them Franklin.
Tell them that every democracy dies a little when it lets fear make its laws.
Tell them that the rule of law means nothing if it does not protect the innocent as fiercely as it prosecutes the guilty.

Tell them that we’ve tried this before – and we know how it ends. Because when the law becomes terror, terrorism becomes law.